Michelle Hauser: Another stoic woman joins the Good Wives’ Club in face of husband’s political scandal. Carolyn Berry wore opera- length pearls when she took the high road, posing for the cover of People magazine in 2. Gary Condit, then a U. S. Congressman and suspect in the death of Chandra Levy, a Washington intern with whom he’d had an affair. Silda Wall Spitzer, former First Lady of New York State, also wore pearls when she played The Good Wife to Eliot Spitzer’s Bad Governor who, in 2. Gloria Cain, wife of Herman Cain, whose 2. Melania Trump also chose minimalism for her televised testimonial in the wake of the 2. Donald Trump’s infamous Access Hollywood outtake and the sexual assault allegations that followed. Renata Ford made a rare public appearance wearing sombre tones in 2. Investment U Disclaimer: Nothing published by Investment U should be considered personalized investment advice. Although our employees may answer your general. And it was this helplessness that took over in a way. All of a sudden, somebody. Michelle Hauser: Another stoic woman joins the Good Wives Rob Ford’s numerous troubles. Like Huma Abedin before her — wife of former New York Congressman Anthony Weiner, whose serial sexting troubles started in 2. This sad sorority welcomed a new member this week: Janneke Van Berge Henegouwen, wife of Montreal MNA Gerry Sklavounos, who stood stoic on Thursday as her husband announced his intention to return to his seat in the National Assembly. Quebec’s Crown prosecutor’s office has decided not to lay charges against Sklavounos, who was accused last October of sexual assault. According to the Montreal Gazette, Sklavounos said he “was sorry if anyone was offended by his past behaviour.” He conceded that his “propensity for clowning around was grossly misinterpreted” and assured the public that he now realizes his actions “may have been inappropriate.”Like the many political wives who’ve blazed this trail, Janneke performed her duty in service of her husband’s comeback, mostly maintaining that all- important poker face for the duration of a press conference. She blew the matronly prototype wide open, though, by opting for a body- conscious cap- sleeved dress. For the record, this branch of the Good Wives Club isn’t clamouring for new members. I’m pretty sure there’s no concierge or heated towels, and if there’s music on the PA system it’s not Vangelis: this is a mournful Tammy Wynette affair. Whether these women are standing by their men out of love and loyalty, or buying time until a juicy divorce settlement, this is an unenviable test of for better or worse. Nothing short of their families, their credibility and their dignity is at stake. So what does it matter what they wear? Well, clothes offer clues as to state of mind, and their dress is highly symbolic of these women’s isolation: how set apart they are from women whose husbands are not in the spotlight and can face the “to- forgive- or- not” dilemma privately, bawling it out in bed wearing an ugly sweater. EWG is a nonprofit environmental research organization based in Washington, D.C.No, these ladies must brave public scrutiny without leaving a single streak of mascara in their wake. And think, for a moment, about the hours of sleep they lose parsing what pearls say — they talk, don’t you know — or wondering what kind of message it sends to be showy with bad- ass biceps. What a cruel twist of fate: having to sleep with the enemy and put your private grief on hold so you can make your husband smell like a rose again. In their darkest hours these women become tools of image rehab, indispensable props in a public performance that is always about him. The dress isn’t just a dress; it’s an exclamation point that advantages a besieged politician, it says, “Look, see what an amazingly sexy woman I’m married to! Why would I need to fool around when I have her?”If you’re the woman who props up such a man — or man- child, or clown — your reputation may be the punchline. What did Hillary Clinton wear, back on the day when it feels like this descent into depravity started? A black suit and, yes, more pearls. The former First Lady was the epitome of Doris Day- dignified back in December 1. Bill Clinton as he made a statement to reporters following his impeachment. I sometimes wonder if it would have changed her fortunes to have had a more authentically human reaction to the Monica Lewinsky affair — if she’d thrown a hissy fit and tossed a few of the President’s belongings out the window of the Oval Office. It certainly wouldn’t have made things any worse. She couldn’t have known then that her career was destined to be overshadowed by the sins of men: first her husband’s, then her assistant’s husband. I guess the high road has its disadvantages.
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Boxing news site that contains fan submitted articles as well as staff writing offers coverage of past and upcoming fights, videos, and fight schedule. Local, Family Owned Car Dealership. For nearly 20 years Frank's Auto Credit has been serving the community as a premiere Bad Credit Car Dealer in CT. That All Depends. From Rod Dreher comes the story of a left- wing Georgetown University professor who defends slavery. This may sound shocking, but it shouldn’t be surprising. Liberal academics around the world teach that only American (and perhaps some Caribbean and South American) slavery was really bad. Other slavery–in particular, African and Islamic slavery–was really a pretty good deal for the slaves. These liberal sophists argue that under Anglo- American law, there was no recognition of slavery, so slaves had to be property. Thus, “chattel slavery,” which supposedly was much worse than slavery as practiced elsewhere (on every continent except Antarctica, as Thomas Sowell has often pointed out). Dreher dismisses that nonsense with the observation that “slavery, whether practiced by Christians, Muslims, or pagans, is about people owning other people, period.”Now, back to the Georgetown professor, Jonathan Brown. He holds the Al- Waleed bin Talal Chair in Islamic Civilization, which is a tip- off. Brown argues that: 1) Slavery in the Arab and Turkish world was a sweet deal; “slaves in the Muslim World lived a pretty good life.” 2) In Muslim societies, slavery wasn’t racialized. Only, of course, the slaves were all black or white, and in Arabic, people with black skin are automatically referred to as abeed (slaves). Arab slave traders bought African slaves well into the 2.
Slaves were protected by shariah,” Brown says. But Sharia didn’t prevent female sex slaves from being enslaved in harems, or male slaves from being castrated to make them eunuchs. A cynic might say that sharia didn’t offer a great deal of protection! But Professor Brown thinks that being a sex slave in a Muslim country is no different from having an arranged marriage. Maybe better: Brown asks what is the real difference between a sex slave in Islam (who might have been well- treated by her master) and a medieval Christian woman who had to marry a man she may not have loved, and who had a miserable life with him? But Professor Brown doesn’t have to worry about actually winning arguments. He is a tenured professor, and his chair at Georgetown–which was, at one time, a Christian university!–is endowed by Al- Waleed bin Talal, a Saudi billionaire. So the pro- slavery caucus is safe at Georgetown for the foreseeable future. Mohammed himself was a slave owner–unlike, say, Jesus–so Islam is never going to turn against slavery, as Christianity did, with decisive effect, in the late 1. Liberals tend to be copacetic with slavery. By some calculations, there are as many slaves in the world today as there have been at any time in human history. You might think this would be a concern for liberals, but you would be wrong: they don’t seem to mind slavery a bit, when it can’t be used to score a political point. Some years ago–long enough ago that it probably isn’t preserved on the internet–an anti- slavery group approached the Jesse Jackson organization, looking for support for its campaign against slavery in Africa and the Arab countries. They received a cold reply from Jackson’s staff: No, thank you. Slavery isn’t one of his priorities. Liberalism is a fraud from top to bottom. How Safe Is Tap Water? Dear Earth. Talk: Bottled water companies would have us all believe that tap water is unsafe to drink. Is this true?- - Sam Tsiryulnikov, Los Angeles, CATap water is not without its problems. Over the years we have witnessed major cases of groundwater contamination leading to unhealthy tap water, with chemical culprits like. More recently, the Michigan city of Flint has been struggling with high lead levels in its drinking water. Environmentalists Fault EPA for Failing to Establish Tap Water Standards. The nonprofit. Of those, 1. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for failing to establish standards on so many of the contaminants. It's common for them to list the source as . The town was doing its weekly wash of filters at the water treatment plant using potassium permanganate, which turns water pink when used in large quantities. TCEQ-PWS Instructions (Rev 0101- -2017) Public Water Systems (PWS). PWSs must provide a consumer notice of lead tap water monitoring results to persons served. The 2017 Video Contest theme is: Ditch the Plastic, Your Water is Fantastic! Help educate the public by creating a PSA about why choosing to drink tap water is better. In a photo from March 10, 2017, work continues on the water replacement lines in Flint, Mich. Flint residents could still be a few years away from drinking.Some of that water goes through additional filtering, but some does not. NRDC has researched bottled water extensively and has found that it is . Food and Drug Administration bottled water rules allow for some contamination by E. This leaves open the possibility, says NRDC, that some bottled water may present similar health threats to those with weakened immune systems, the elderly and others they caution about drinking tap water. Goal: Make Tap Water Safe for Everyone. The bottom line is that we have invested considerably in highly efficient municipal water delivery systems that bring this precious liquid straight to our kitchen faucets any time we need it. Instead of taking that for granted and relying on bottled water instead, we need to make sure our tap water is clean and safe for all. Earth. Talk is a regular feature of E/The Environmental Magazine. Selected Earth. Talk columns are reprinted on About Environmental Issues by permission of the editors of E. 3/30/2017 0 Comments Watch online Foolish Smarts And How To Lose Them (2017) subs english HDrip qualityIt's called a hidden crime.As women, when our heart gets involved, we tend to lose all sense of logic. Art Smarts Cool Stuff Multimedia Jokes. The Yiddish Dictionary of Fools. 2017 / 19 Adar 5777 Today @ Mar 17.
Post Production by Connor Christofferson —. Kickstarter. Risks and challenges. Finishing a film can be extremely tricky and can produce various amounts of problems you did not expect while shooting. However, with your help we will be able to overcome these obstacles and complete a film that will touch your hearts and excite your minds! Some of the challenges one might face in post- production is VFX and coloring. Without the right Visual Effects coordinator and colorist, the film might not have that professional and complete look that would make our film spectacular. With your help and donations, we will be able to get the right people to make this film look perfect. Another problem that can arise is the completion of sound design for a project. Without the right sound design, a film will flop (and there would not even be a flop sound). However, the donations and support given will help to fund the rest of the project in order to get the best sound design and music that this film could hope for. Finally, festivals are a huge part of this project's success after the premiere. However, it costs money and resources in order to send the film to various festivals. By applying during the early bird deadlines and staying aware of when festivals begin, we will keep the costs lower than normal. Learn about accountability on Kickstarter. CHARLIE BROWN AND THE FOOTBALLWatching someone make the same mistake over and over again is difficult. First, you're alarmed. And finally, you grow to hate them. People proceed through these stages at different speeds. Really compassionate people linger in the first two stages for a long time. Most people get to the latter stages pretty rapidly. The American Running Calendar at Road Race Runner lists running events by date & state in the entire USA. The first time a family member comes to you and says, ! Then he comes back a second time and think, hmm, that's odd. The third time, and the fourth time, and the fifth time, it begins to sink in that no matter how much you try to help, this problem will recur because the poor guy has a problem he can't beat. So the next few times you give him the money, but without any expectation that 1) he will repay it, or 2) he will not return shortly asking again. You've sympathized with the fact that he has a problem, but what is he doing about it? Is he even trying to fix it or does he plan to let Beanie Babies ruin his life forever? The conversations get increasingly testy now; you still help him, but with stern lectures that, honestly, this is the last. When this runs its course, you stop taking his calls. You hate him for being weak, even though you know that's cruel and, on some level, wrong. You hate him for ruining his own life and trying to pull you down with him. You hate him for lying – to you and to himself – about trying to fix the problem. The part of you that feels badly for him is subsumed by the part that can't believe what kind of f'n moron would make the same mistake so many times. Some of you read that and think, . You, like me, are just lucky enough not to have experienced this first- hand to discover what that limit is. At this point, I don't see how anyone is still in the shock or pity phase with the 2. Democratic Party in Congress. It is impossible – or is possible for people who are of kinder heart than I – to do anything but hate them for their weakness. The way they make the same predictable mistakes over and over, the way the congressional Republicans openly bully them, and then mock them for rolling over every single time, was sad for a couple years.
Maybe back during the W Bush era. Maybe it was still kind of pitiable to watch them all bow to hyperjingoism and decide to trust W on the Iraq War, even though anyone with half a brain – which includes most of them – knew that was going to go over like a lead balloon. But now it is long past being a sad sight. At this point, they know better. They've been through this process of getting boned dozens upon dozens of times. There is no reason to expect it to turn out differently, ever. The sample size is large enough after nearly 2. Democratic president or chamber majority from being able to get anything it wants. They don't budge, ever. They are never going to. Had Hillary Clinton won, they would have refused to vote on her Supreme Court nominee indefinitely. For years, if necessary. Because that's how they operate, and anyone who does not understand that by now is not sad or pitiable. Anyone who does not get it by now is contemptible. Watch Lucy yank the football away from Charlie Brown once and it might seem funny. Then you can't feel anything because you're too busy wondering why in god's name he keeps doing it over and over again and expecting a different result. Zumindest in kleinen Dosen. Und warum dann nicht im Kleiderschrank anfangen? So rabiat wie dieses Jahr war ich allerdings schon lange nicht mehr. Bis jetzt habe ich nur die Schubladen durch und schon zwei riesig gro. War gar nicht so schwer wie sonst, sich von der Kleidung zu trennen. Geht dir das leicht von der Hand? Oder denkst du auch oft ? Fakt ist, dass in den zwei riesigen Kartons auch allerhand Ungetragenes war (weil ich es im Ausverkauf g. Fakt ist aber auch, dass es wirklich eine feine Sache ist, alles nach Farben zu sortieren. Und viele der Kleidungsst. Ich glaube nicht, dass ich in absehbarer Zeit eine Kleidergr. Ob in den Second Hand Shop, in einen karatativen Laden, in Altkleidercontainer, zur Freundin, der Nachbarin, Schwester oder Mutter oder wohin auch immer. Aber jetzt, jetzt wird das gemacht! Alles, was nach einer von dir festgelegten Zeit noch immer mit umgedrehtem Haken im Schrank h. Page 2 of 35 - LoLBuilder.net Champion Builds . Es lief alles nach Plan, nur der Plan war Schei.Heute der letzte Lauf der ersten Trainingswoche nach Plan. Alles nach Plan ab 13 Uhr: Busse und Bahnen der SWB fahren nach Sprengung Bonn-Center ab 13 Uhr. 0 replies 1 retweet 1 like. The new features in Allplan 2017 range from central task management and a wide range of enhancements in the area of modeling, plan generation and automation right. Abendkleider oder alle anderen zeitlosen Klassiker werde ich davon ausnehmen, die fliegen nur raus, wenn ich nicht mehr reinpasse. Ruckzuck ist Platz im Schrank - und das ohne Trennungsschmerz (hoffe ich mal)! Wenn du auch nach Farben sortierst, dann wirst du gleich sehen, dass du f. Nachdem ich in den Schubladen so radikal aufger. In der Zeit, wo alles wieder trocken wird, gucke ich die Stapel aus der Schublade durch. Auf dem Bett habe ich unterschiedlich Stapel: weggeben, wegwerfen, verkaufen, verschenken. Wenn ich passende Kartons oder T. Aus den Augen, aus dem Sinn! Oder hast du einen Tipp, wie es auch anders geht? Ich habe in meinem Kleiderschrank nur beflockte Kleiderb. Ich mag, dass sie so wenig Platz brauchen und durch die Beflockung nichts mehr runterrutscht. Und das mit den Farben .. Blaue Kleidung auf blaue B. Ich habe ja auch einen offenen Kleiderschrank, der sieht aufger? Doch der Plan von Trainer Carlo Ancelotti hat auch. Vidal soll nach einer Rippenblessur. Und weil mir in der letzten Zeit das alles ein bisschen viel geworden ist. Arbeitnehmer machen Dienst nach Vorschrift und spulen. Das hier ist auch eine Mitmach- Aktion: Verlink doch deine Tipps & Tricks zum Fr. Der Link ist mit Erscheinen des Posts ge? Frau. Temme. sucht. Glueck. S0. 1E0. 3. Alles. nach. Plan. German. WS. BDRi. P. x. 26. 4- TV4. A - Pastebin. com. Frau. Temme. sucht. Glueck. S0. 1E0. 3. Alles. nach. Plan. German. WS. BDRi. P. x. 26. 4- TV4. A< #> tt. 55. TGo. IHo. HNGy. A/tv. My Best Sourdough Recipe . This bread was born when I first got my hands dirty with flour & water. Its parent, if you could call it that, was Chad Robertson. Calling this post “my best sourdough recipe” is a lofty claim, but honestly, I do believe this is the best bread I’ve made thus far. Yes it. Maybe the actual recipe for this bread isn. This is the bread that I want to make the most often, the one my family asks for the most often and the one I share most often. I have a special place for whole wheat bread, and taste- wise it might make me want to call that my favorite one day, but the versatility of this bread cannot be beaten. I use it for breakfast with eggs, a brisket and BBQ sandwich for lunch, a bowl of soup on a cold, windy day, and simply torn and on the plate accompanying dinner (this bread also makes incredible croutons, bread crumbs and stuffing/dressing). 35 m; Preheat oven to 400 degrees F (205 degrees C). Stir together the flour, baking powder, salt and sugar in a large bowl. Over-The-Door Shoe Organizers. Ever since I discovered the organizing versatility of these gems I use them all over the house! Cleaning products, craft supplies.
I bake this so often that my freezer has an entire shelf lined with pre- sliced loaves wrapped and in bags labeled pane perfetto. While the actual formula is simply a mix of flour, water, salt and levain, there are many nuances here to pay close attention to, here are a few key things to successfully making this bread: An active starter. A long- ish autolyse. A high hydration. Sufficient dough strength. Warm bulk fermentation. A long, cold proof. Learn how to make my best-ever Pizza Dough recipe using the no-knead technique to make some of the best Homemade Pizza you'll ever enjoy. Learn ten tips for cookie baking success during the holidays. Every December, my kitchen takes on a magical transformation. Before. A compendium of sorts containing my insights, breakthroughs and ah- ha moments. This recipe doesn. The pre- shape and shape phases can draw out a curse word here and there, and maybe even the desire to raise your hands in the air and sprinkle the dough with choice words. Feel free to adjust the hydration to suit your environment and flour, though, because as we know each bag of flour can be different. If you try to jump in the deep end you might get frustrated and give up altogether. Was that a couple paragraphs of doom & gloom! I have baked some memorable bread with Hayden Mills grain & flour (including this wonderful white Sonora Sourdough bread), Central Milling and Giusto. But time and time again I turn to my two favorites: Central Milling Type 7. Giusto. It is a very versatile flour, I. I have consistently made. Nevertheless, I find myself ordering a box of it here and there and enjoy the results every time. Of course, as I mentioned before, try whatever is local first (sadly my source for good quality, organic flour is no longer) and what you like. It might require a little tweaking of this formula (specifically hydration) but I know you. I’m referring to the actual build here, we will still divide the final. This dough loves a nice warm ambient environment. Try to keep the dough at the listed temperatures if possible, use your oven with a light on inside, your microwave with a bowl of steaming water, or a proofer. I keep my ambient thermometer near my dough and also use my instant read thermometer to check the dough temperature periodically throughout bulk. Weight. Ingredient. Baker’s Percentage. Giusto’s Artisan Bread Flour. Giusto’s Organic Stoneground Whole Wheat. H2. O @ 9. 0. I typically try to avoid adding photos here so the recipe is clean and concise, but in this case I want to show the dough as it. Levain – 9: 0. 0 a. Build the liquid levain in the morning and store somewhere warm around 7. Alternatively, you can build your levain in the evening the night before and leave out at cooler, room temperatures (around 7. Autolyse – 1. 2: 3. Mix flour and water (reserve 5. Ensure all dry flour is hydrated. Store near levain (we want the temperature of the dough to remain warm). Mix, Step 1 – 2: 0. Note that I split the mixing phase into two steps. For the first step scoop out the required amount of levain on top of your autolysed (is that even a word?) dough and using about 3. Salt slows the pace of. Mix, Step 2 – 2: 3. If your dough is already extremely wet, and you. Just spread it out and mix well with your hand, the dough is wet enough already to work the salt thoroughly. This dough does not require intensive mechanical mixing, in fact, we want to under- develop at mix time and build strength during bulk through fermentation and several sets of stretch and folds. After the salt is incorporated perform folds for about 2- 3. Grab under one side, pull up and over to the other side, then rotate the bowl a bit and repeat. I do this probably 3. At the end the dough should still be shaggy, but it will be a little more smooth. If you’re up to the challenge (I do it occasionally) dump the dough out and slap/fold for a maximum. You won’t get a super smooth dough, even with slap/fold. I find that. You want the dough to be just a little smooth after mixing, but not well developed. I know those are general terms. If you find that by the end of bulk you can’t get the dough smooth & strong enough, next time mix a little bit longer to develop the dough a bit more before you start bulk. Alternatively you could add another set of stretch/fold’s in bulk. Transfer dough to a tub or thick- walled bowl for bulk fermentation. Bulk Fermentation – 2: 4. At 7. 8- 8. 2. Perform 6 sets of stretch and folds during bulk. The first three are at 1. After these folds (2 hours and 1. I stretch and fold more vigorously at the beginning of bulk than normal since the dough is extremely slack and extensible (due to the high hydration of this recipe). Pick up one side of the dough with both hands and really pull it up, just before tearing, and fold it over to the other side. Rotate your container and repeat 4 or 5 times. That is one set. Below you can see my dough halfway through bulk, after about 2 hours. No significant rise as of yet, but . We still have several more folds to do and more strength to build. It is important that the dough be kept near 8. If temperatures dip down too far you might have to extend the duration of bulk fermentation to compensate, and vice versa. Use your judgement, the signs described below, and be flexible. At the end of bulk your dough should look very gassy, some bubbles here and there and the edges where the dough meets the bowl should be slightly domed. You can see all these signs in the image below. When the bowl is shaken the entire mass jiggles from side to side — very. You’ll also notice that compared with the photo at the beginning of bulk, the dough is smoother and holds its edges, folds and creases more readily (most of the bumps and ridges you see are due to trapped gasses from fermentation). Divide & Preshape – 6: 4. Divide the dough into two masses, each scaled at 9. Lightly shape each mass into a round, cover with inverted bowl or moist towel, and let rest for 2. I try to use my hands as little as possible when dealing with the dough at this point. Let the dough rest 5 minutes exposed to air before shaping. After 2. 0 minutes remove the towel or bowl and let the dough rest 5 more minutes exposed to air. I find this small step to. Shape – 7: 0. 5 p. Lightly flour the top of your dough rounds and flour the work surface. With this recipe use a little more flour on the surface than normal, the dough will be extremely sticky and wet. Flip each round and shape into a batard (see notes below) or boule, whatever your preference. I prefer to shape these as batards and my shaping method is as follows: Flip pre- shaped round. Fold bottom up to about half way. Fold left side over to about 3/4 to the right. Fold right side over to cover left. Stretch top up & away from center and fold down to about half (you. Imagine lacing up a shoe where you first grab your laces and cross them over. Repeat 3 times from top to bottom (the result will look like a laced up shoe)Take the bottom and gently roll the dough up to the top and try to seal it slightly when done rolling. Here is a video of Chad Robertson shaping. He does things a bit differently but overall I use the same process. After shaping, let rest on the bench for a few minutes and then place into a banneton that was lightly dusted with white rice flour. If your proofing container is on the small side, and you find your dough almost spilling over the edges, it might be time for a larger basket. Rest & Proof – 7: 2. Cover your banneton with plastic and let the dough rest on the counter for 2. Then, retard in the refrigerator at 3. Bake – Next Morning: Preheat oven at 9: 0. Bake at 1. 0: 3. 0 a. Preheat oven for 1. Bake 2. 0 minutes at 5. I like to bake rather dark so I sometimes extend this second half of baking until I get the crust I’m looking for. I scored. I keep the blade at a fairly shallow angle so the taut skin created during shaping will “peel” back as the. I bake this recipe almost every week (sometimes multiple times if baking for friends. The color of the crust, the open and light interior, only the tinniest perception of sour notes and the way it crunches when toasted. I could go on and on. The. You’ll notice some are a bit darker, some have more or less flour on them, some. It’s the same with my Dad and his Italian restaurant, and the reason I’ll sometimes get a call. It used to piss my family off because they’d reach into the bread basket only to find slices of only the soft parts. That’s how much I love the crust! Can you blame me, though? I absolutely do enjoy. Even though I bake these rather. I love using the “heel” (the very end) of this bread as a basin for soup or simply. It’s delicious. Crumb. I think there. Scattered open areas with that translucent webbing spanning from wall- to- wall, a dynamic movement to these areas that. It has an extremely tender, soft crumb that almost dissolves in your mouth. To me this is real bread and my best sourdough recipe (and with this bread you’ll even find me devouring. Try this bread sliced thick and left out to really get crunchy overnight for some morning French toast. Bloodsucker translate: . Learn more in the Cambridge English-Chinese traditional Dictionary. Bed Bugs and Blood- Sucking Conenose. P. Hertz. 2 Bed Bugs Bed bugs are blood- feeding insects (Figures 1–3) that feed mainly on the blood of humans, but also suck blood from other animals, such as birds, bats, and rodents. Bed bugs usually feed at night when people are asleep because the hosts are unaware that they are being fed upon. As bed bugs feed (Figure 3), they inject a salivary secretion into the wound to prevent coagulation. This fluid often causes the skin to itch and become swollen. Scratching causes sores, which may become infected. Bed bugs are not known to transmit any human pathogens but can cause emotional distress to those affected. Figure 1. Adult bed bug. Credit: Joe Smith, University of Florida . Registration Guides and Timetables. Fall/Winter - 2016-2017. Brock University Niagara Region 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way. Are you searching for a maintenance and operations conference that features best practices, networking and more? Get inspired at Dude University 2017 in Raleigh, NC! Official site of Wilfrid Laurier University, located in Waterloo and Brantford, Ontario, specializing in business, music, science, arts, social work and education. Rhodes Channel Rhodes News. Bed bug adult, lateral view. Credit: Joe Smith, University of Florida . Feeding adult bed bug. Credit: Joe Smith, University of Florida . During the day, bed bugs hide in cracks and crevices and can be found in wall outlets, behind baseboards, wallpaper, and pictures, between bed joints and slats, along the seams of mattresses, and in bed linens. The cryptic nature of bed bugs makes them difficult to detect and locate, making control a complex and laborious process that usually consists of an integrated approach that combines insecticides with other methods. Female bed bugs disperse more than any other stage, so it is likely that the bed bugs that “hitchhike” on people’s belongings are mostly females. Because female bed bugs can store male sperm for four to six weeks, it is also likely that they are pregnant. Therefore, a single, pregnant female that is transferred to a different location can begin a new infestation. Severe bed bug infestations tend to have a sweetish, foul odor that is caused by an oily liquid they emit. Life Cycle The adult bed bug is about 1/4 inch long, flat, ovoid, and has no wings. It is generally brown except after a blood meal. The body then becomes swollen and the color changes to dark red from the ingested blood. The eggs are 1/2. They are usually deposited in clusters and fastened to cracks and crevices or rough surfaces near adult harborages with a sticky cement- type substance. The eggs hatch in one to three weeks. The newly hatched nymph is similar in shape to the adult but much smaller and straw- colored before feeding. The newly hatched nymphs and eggs can be very difficult to see without the use of magnifying equipment. The newly hatched nymph turns red or purple after getting a blood meal (Figure 4). There are five nymphal stages for bed bugs to reach maturity, which usually takes 3. Adult bed bugs can survive for six to seven months without a blood meal and have been known to live in abandoned houses for one year. Engorged nymph. Credit: Joe Smith, University of Florida . It is especially difficult to locate small, early infestations of bed bugs because of their cryptic behavior. To complicate matters, many people have delayed reactions to bed bug bites, and some people do not react to the bites at all, making it almost impossible to determine the specific timeframe a person was exposed to an infestation. These factors make it difficult to detect early infestations until the populations are excessive and overwhelming, but early detection makes control cheaper and more successful. One successful method of detection is by the use of bed bug–detecting canines (Figure 5). They can be an essential tool for detection in places with a lot of rooms and a high turnover, such as hotels, cruise ships, and dormitories. The ability to locate bed bug infestations before customer complaints can lower the possibility of litigation. Bed bug- detecting canines can also locate early infestations, even as few as one adult bed bug, leading to cheaper and more successful control. Figure 5. A bed bug–detecting canine indicating on a mattress infested with bed bugs. Sticky traps placed around beds and sofas can potentially confirm an infestation. There are also monitoring systems available that use carbon dioxide and heat as attractants. Control Once bed bugs are found, there are several methods that may be used to combat them, some old and some new (Table 1), although combining many methods usually yields the best result. No matter what methods are utilized by the pest control companies, there are many steps that can be taken by the homeowners to optimize the possibility for success. First, as many bed bugs as possible should be physically removed from the premises. This is accomplished by vacuuming all the carpets as well as visible bed bugs from the furniture. Once finished, ensure the vacuum bag is removed, sealed, placed in a zip lock bag, and placed in a deep freezer for at least a week. The four posts of the bed can then be placed in glass dishes or traps. Bed bugs cannot climb smooth surfaces, so the glass dishes will exclude more bed bugs from being able to infest the bed, as long as the bed is away from the walls and covers are kept from touching the floor. All bedding should be laundered with soap and a borax additive and dried at a high temperature. Clothing, pillows and drapery should be dry- cleaned. Also, contents inside dresser drawers should be emptied in order for insecticides to be sprayed under the drawers. Insecticides. Insecticides are one option of control, but bed bugs can be extremely difficult to kill with insecticides. Unlike cockroaches (Figure 6), bed bugs do not have sticky pads on their tarsae (feet). When they crawl across residues of insecticide on surfaces, not much pesticide adheres to their bodies and, therefore, it does not kill them. In order to be effective, most insecticides must be applied directly to the insect. This requires searching for every bed bug in a room and spraying it directly. Remember, just because they are bed bugs does not mean they cannot feed and live in other places, such as a couches or recliners. Of course, this process of finding the bug and spraying it is very labor intensive. Most pest control companies budget about five to 1. Because eggs may not be affected by the spray, the treatment must be repeated after about two weeks to kill newly hatched nymphs. A comparison of cockroach tarsae with pads, left, and bed bug tarsae without pads, right. Therefore, dust formulations are usually preferred over sprays for bed bug control. Insect growth regulators (IGRs) have also been tested for use on bed bugs but have yielded conflicting results in studies. A number of pesticides are available for use, as referenced by Table 2. They should always be used in accordance with the manufacturers’ labels. Insecticides can be classified by the mode of application: Mattress and Crack- and- Crevice, Indoor Surface, Indoor Space, and Fumigation. It is important to distinguish the differences among the categories in order to provide the most effective treatment. Mattress and Crack- and- Crevice. This application is for areas that are normally inconspicuous and difficult to reach. Pesticide dusts and some sprays fall into this category. Dust can be applied using either a puff duster or a paint brush. Dusts are lighter and can penetrate farther than insecticide sprays. Therefore, they should always be used in areas where there are deep cracks and crevices and behind electrical outlets. NEVER SPRAY INSECTICIDES DIRECTLY ON OR IN ELECTRICAL OUTLETS, AND NEVER SPRAY INSECTICIDES DIRECTLY ON MATTRESSES UNLESS THAT USE IS SPECIFIED ON THE LABEL! Remove outlet covers and apply dust into the wall void. Dusts are also preferred over sprays when treating the tufts, folds, and sleeping surfaces of mattresses. Indoor Surface. This application is for areas where the bed bugs are likely to crawl en route to either their harborages or to where they feed. This type of application is often referred to as residual sprays. They are designed to remain active for an extended period of time to maximize the effectiveness of the application. These sprays should be applied to the bed frame and the nonsleeping surfaces of mattresses. Dresser drawers should be removed and turned upside down, ensuring all surfaces are sprayed. Spray baseboards and under the edge of carpet around the entire perimeter of the room. Indoor Space. This application is used to kill exposed insects on contact. These insecticides are often in the form of aerosols. When harborages are found, spray the insecticide in the air in the vicinity toward the bed bugs. Aerosols are preferred when treating sensitive materials such as clothing or stuffed animals. Sensitive items can be placed into a plastic garbage bag or a closet (which is also likely to be infested). Spray aerosol into the closet or bag and seal for 1. Fumigation. This is an application of lethal gas to an enclosed structure to eliminate pests. During fumigation, the building must be emptied of all inhabitants for a certain time period. Although it can be costly, fumigation kills every stage of bed bugs including eggs, and should be considered in severe infestations. If total building fumigation is not possible, containerized fumigation may be an option. This method involves the transfer of furniture and other items into a trailer truck or similar container, after which the container and its contents are fumigated. Other control methods are applied inside the building during the fumigation process. It is important to note that using fumigation alone leaves no residual and so cannot help prevent a reinfestation. Resistance. Bed bugs are known to be resistant to many insecticides, especially pyrethroids. This means that some bed bug populations may not be killed with pyrethroid insecticides. This may be due to cross resistance to DDT. Bed bugs were first reported to be resistant to DDT in the 1. Research shows that the organophosphates and carbamates are still effective, but are not registered for use indoors. Nonchemical Control. These methods can include physical removal as discussed earlier, and sealing the mattress and box springs in mattress encasements to ensure any missed bed bugs do not attempt to reestablish themselves. The Wind Power is a comprehensive database of detailed raw statistics on the rapidly growing sphere of wind energy and its supporting markets. A wind turbine is a device that converts the wind's kinetic energy into electrical power. 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